AN ASSESSMENT OF THE TRENDS OF INCOME GROWTH, POVERTY, INEQUALITY AND HUMAN WELFARE IN AFRICA: NEW EVIDENCE FROM SELECTED SUB-SAHARAN AFRICAN COUNTRIES

June 30, 2023
-

AN ASSESSMENT OF THE TRENDS OF INCOME GROWTH, POVERTY, INEQUALITY AND HUMAN WELFARE IN AFRICA: NEW EVIDENCE FROM SELECTED SUB-SAHARAN AFRICAN COUNTRIES

Tags : Gini Coefficient Human Development Index.Income growth Inequality poverty

AN ASSESSMENT OF THE TRENDS OF INCOME GROWTH, POVERTY, INEQUALITY AND HUMAN WELFARE IN AFRICA: NEW EVIDENCE FROM SELECTED SUB-SAHARAN AFRICAN COUNTRIES

MAJEKODUNMI, Waheed Oladipo¹(majeesky@gmail.com), ODUOLA, Oladotun Kabir²(oduolaoladotun@gmail.com) & AMBALI, Abiodun Kabiru³(ambaliabiodun6@gmail.com)
Department of Economics
Lagos State University, Ojo

ABSTRACT

Despite the recent decent performance in income growth, Africa remains one continent that has continued to be severely riddled by deep-seethed endemic poverty and excruciating income inequality thereby causing sharp deterioration in all indices of human welfare. This paper is an attempt to assess the income growth, poverty, inequality, and human welfare experience in Africa using recent empirical socio-economic metrics in selected Sub-Saharan African countries. The period under review is 2012 – 2021 and the study utilizes a quantitative research technique to assess how income growth, poverty, and inequality interact to influence human welfare in the selected countries. Evidence shows that income growth in African countries benefits the already well-off and that poverty, in fact, is severe and widespread and has a negative impact not only on the prospects of growth but also on even income distribution which is crucial for inclusive growth and sustained human welfare. It was further confirmed that poverty and poverty and inequality have risen and human welfare condition in Sub-Sahara Africa has plummeted over the decade across the region and when compared to the other regions and the world average. We found that within Africa and beyond most poverty is concentrated in the Sub-Saharan Africa region. We, therefore, recommend the following policy applications to stem the tides of poverty and income inequality in Sub-Saharan African countries, amongst others: shifting the focus of poverty-alleviation policies from income/economic growth as the primary driver of poverty reduction to policies targeted at decelerating inequality, placing greater focus on human development strategies to improve the quality of life and providing the appropriate institutional and macroeconomic framework to increase access to markets for the poor.

Keywords: Income growth, Poverty, Inequality, Gini Coefficient, Human Development Index.

View/Print | Download Download full PDF

May 20, 2023
-

POVERTY AS A BANE TO THE SOCIAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA – ISLAMIC EDUCATION VALUES AS A PANACEA

Tags : bane Islamic Education Panacea poverty social economic development

Category : Latest Publications

POVERTY AS A BANE TO THE SOCIAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA – ISLAMIC EDUCATION VALUES AS A PANACEA

GANIYU, MOJEED ADEMOLA
DEPARTMENT OF ISLAMIC STUDIES
SCHOOL OF SECONDARY EDUCATION
(ARTS & SOCIAL SCIENCES)
OYO STATE COLLEGE OF EDUCATION, LANLATE
OYO STATE

Abstract

Universally, poverty reduction has continued to draw the attention of international communities. With the World Millennium Summit in New York in year 2000, as renewed effort was made to reduce poverty globally. This led to the establishment of eight Millennium Development Goals (MDGS), each with its own quantifiable target and time frame for their achievement. The first goal is the eradication of extreme poverty and hunger. The goal has two associated targets; reducing by halve the proportion of living in extreme poverty, defined as $1 per day and reducing by halve the proportion of people who suffer hunger. The targeted period is 2015. Nigeria is one of the countries attempting to achieve these goals. The paper reviews the various efforts put in place to achieve their goals. These include: the rationalization of past and some existing poverty eradication agencies, the establishment of National Poverty Reduction Strategy Eradication Programme (PRSP) called NEEDS, among others. Despite these efforts by the government, it is very difficult for Nigeria to reduce poverty and hunger level till date. Therefore, this paper employs qualitative approach towards looking at Islamic education; related studies on the practice of Islamic Educations, its objectives and significances were reviewed. The exertion affirmatively revealed that Islamic education through its aims and objectives, motivates and trains humankind to self-employment, self-independence and self-sustainability. It is the type of education that also promotes helping the needy through the practice of Zakat as charity act. Again, Islamic Education calls for Waqf (Islamic Endorsement) that provides means in which individuals can donate their wealth and properties in order to gain blessings from the Almighty Allah (SWT); and permeate individual with morality. In addition, there are other recommendations and teachings of Islamic education that portray relevance of hardworking. Therefore, the aims, content and teaching of Islamic Education are recommended to be explored for job creation and poverty alleviation in Nigeria.

Keywords: Poverty, bane, social economic development, Islamic Education Panacea.

View/Print | Download Download full PDF

May 13, 2023
-

KWAME NKRUMAH’S NEO-COLONIALISM AND POVERTY IN AFRICA: A STUDY OF NIGERIA

Tags : Colonialism Dependency Imperialism Neo-colonialism poverty

Category : Latest Publications

KWAME NKRUMAH’S NEO-COLONIALISM AND POVERTY IN AFRICA: A STUDY OF NIGERIA

CHINEDU P. BOSAH, Ph.D

ABSTRACT

Some African states including Nigeria are today independent of colonialism, but they remain heavily dependent and exploited under the effects of internal political failures, neo-colonialism and neo-liberalism. This dependency and exploitation particularly through the activities of Trans National Corporations, adversely affect the living conditions of millions of people in Africa, creating economic hardship and in some cases encouraging political repression. This study therefore investigated Nkrumah’s thought on neo-colonialism and Poverty in Nigeria. The two following research questions guided the study; how has neo-colonialism orchestrated poverty in Nigeria? How has Kwame Nkrumah addressed the issue of neo-colonization and poverty in Africa? This study is qualitative in nature and adopted explanatory research design. The data generated in the course of this study were analyzed using descriptive analysis while dependency Theory served as the theoretical framework of analysis. The study found out that neo-colonialism has made Nigeria to be in theory independent and has all the outward trappings of international sovereignty but in reality, its economic system and political policy is directed from outside. During the course of this study, it was discovered that neo-colonialism as a system of economic, political, military and other relations imposed by the imperialist states on the developing countries has kept Nigeria down within the framework of the capitalist economic system. It is based on the economic backwardness, unequal and dependent states of the neo-colonial countries within the scheme of the world capitalist economic and political systems. Transnational corporations have created unemployment and poverty in Nigeria by usurping the employment opportunities of Nigerians. The study recommends that all the ideas, belief, norms, values, practices, structures and institutions introduced by the respective colonial imperialist powers in Africa before independence, should be dismantled since the colonial days is over in Nigeria. Nigeria should guarantee internal measures to direct their economic systems and political policies internally in order to be free from the shackles of neo-colonialism. The contributions of the indigenous companies should also not be neglected.

Key words: Neo-colonialism, Colonialism, Imperialism, Dependency and Poverty

View/Print | Download Download full PDF

March 8, 2023
-

Insecurity and Threats to Sustainable Development in Africa

Tags : Conflict corruption Insecurity insurgency poverty Sustainable Development

Category : Latest Publications

INSECURITY AND THREATS TO SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN AFRICA

SHEDRACK, C. IGBOKE

Department of Political Science

Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka

Tel: +2347039749202

Email: Sc.igboke@unizik.edn.ng

And

EZE, OSMOND IKECHUKWU

Department of Political Science

Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University

Igbariam Campus

Tel: + 2348036938184

Email: ezeosmond76@gmail.com

Abstract

The problem of developmental crisis and sustainable development in Africa which are evident in lack of security activities and leadership failure. The basic thrusts of this paper is to identify the emerging trends of security threats in Africa with a view to diagnosing their causes and assessing their effects on sustainable development and the corporate existence of Africa. To achieve this goal, the paper relies on secondary sources of data. Meanwhile, the study adopted the system failure theory as theoretical framework of analysis. Through a systematic analysis of the available data, the study found that the activities of insurgency, fulani herdsmen, bandit, porous borders, poor governance, corruption, etc. threaten the sustainable development in Africa. In this regard, the study recommends among other things, the constitutional responsibility of the African (Nigerian) police force and other security agencies should be overhauled to contain its presence in remote and rural areas especially those where eruption of violence attacks are common. The paper also points out the difficulties of managing these insurgent, fulani herdsmen and bandit activities created by the porous nature of African (Nigerian) borders and unpreparedness of African (Nigerian) administrative and security mechanism of the country to tackle it. Moreso, we equally posit that the panacea to the disturbing trend of security threats in Africa is employment generation and effective implementation of the sundry poverty alleviation programmmes in Africa. However, unless the above mentioned problem is addressed through good governance and equal distribution of national cake or resources, Africa will continue to experience the problems of sustainable development.

Keywords: Insecurity, conflict, insurgency, poverty, corruption and sustainable development.

View/Download/Print Download full PDF

IJAAR is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution.

Open Access Journals

Our open access publication model provides free, unrestricted access to scholarly research for everyone.

O.A. Database Indexing

Our indexing in databases such as Google Search Engine, Google Scholar, Academia, etc. increases the visibility and accessibility of published scholarly works.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

We assign Digital Object Identifier (DOI) to published papers to ensure a permanent, unique, and persistent link to the digital location of the research.

AN ASSESSMENT OF THE TRENDS OF INCOME GROWTH, POVERTY, INEQUALITY AND HUMAN WELFARE IN AFRICA: NEW EVIDENCE FROM SELECTED SUB-SAHARAN AFRICAN COUNTRIES

-